Motivasi Berlatih sebagai Faktor Pendukung Kemampuan Smash Atlet Bola Voli di SMA Negeri 1 Kampar Timur

Abstract

This research aims to analyze training motivation as a supporting factor in volleyball athletes' smashing abilities, especially at the high school level. The research used the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method referring to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. Literature searches were carried out using the Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Dimensions, and PubMed databases with a publication range of 2016–2026. The selected articles are empirical research that discusses training motivation, sports motivation, smash ability, spike skills, or technical performance in volleyball games. Based on the process of identification, screening, feasibility assessment, and synthesis, seven articles were obtained that met the criteria for analysis. The results of the study show that increasing smash ability is predominantly related to physical and technical training, such as plyometrics, shadow training, hanging ball training, arm muscle strength training, skipping, hurdle jumps, and various other training models. In addition, it was found that psychological factors, especially achievement motivation and training motivation, play a role in supporting athlete involvement and consistency during the training process. Motivation to practice does not directly result in smashing ability, but can support continuity of practice through increasing consistent attendance, active involvement, willingness to repeat movements, and efforts to improve technique. Thus, smash ability needs to be understood as the result of the interaction between physical, technical and psychological factors. The development of school age volleyball athletes needs to integrate these three aspects systematically and sustainably. The results of the study also show that there is a research gap regarding training motivation as the main variable related to smash ability, so further empirical research is needed on high school level volleyball athletes.